During World War II the Ukrainian insurgent army - the UPA did not want to fight against fellow Ukrainians and other peoples who were being suppressed by the communists and the Germans if it did not have to. Towards that end they issued flyers, like the one above, urging others to join them in their fight against these evil dictatorships. In fact they were quite successful because during the ten or so years that they fought, many people did defect and join the ranks of UPA.